Reflection on action occurs during which phase?

• A. During the activity
• B. After the activity
• C. Before the activity
• D. Throughout the activity

Answer: (B)

Reflection on action means examining what happened after you’ve completed the task, so you can learn and improve. This phase lets you review what you did, why you did it, how the patient responded, what went well, and what didn’t, and then plan changes for future practice. It’s the retrospective thinking that happens once the activity is finished, not while you’re still performing it. In contrast, reflection-in-action would be thinking and adjusting in real time during the task, and reflection-before-action is about planning and preparing. For a physical therapy example, after finishing a treatment session you’d consider which cues worked, how the patient tolerated the intervention, and what adjustments to the plan might lead to better progress next time.