What are the three components of the Biopsychosocial Model?

• A. Bio, Psycho, Social
• B. Biological, Psychological, Social
• C. Bio, Mental, Social
• D. Biological, Cognitive, Environmental

Answer: (A)

Health is shaped by three interacting domains: biological, psychological, and social. The Biopsychosocial model says that biological factors like genetics, physiology, and disease processes combine with psychological factors such as thoughts, emotions, and coping styles, and with social factors like relationships, culture, and socioeconomic context to influence health outcomes and how a person experiences illness or recovery. This integrated view helps explain why two people with the same physical condition can have different symptom severity or recovery trajectories, depending on their beliefs about pain, mood, support networks, and access to care. Using concise terms—bio, psycho, social—still conveys the same three essential components, which is why that option aligns with the model. Other phrasing shifts away from the standard trio or mixes in noncanonical domains, so they’re not the agreed-upon components of this framework.