What is assessed in the musculoskeletal system review?

• A. Gross symmetry, gross ROM, gross strength, bone density, height, lean body mass, and body fat
• B. Cardiac output and pulmonary function
• C. Sensation of central and peripheral nerves
• D. Language abilities and learning style

Answer: (A)

The musculoskeletal system review examines how the bones, joints, and muscles are arranged and how they move together. It typically includes a quick check of gross symmetry to see that both sides align and move similarly, gross range of motion to assess overall joint movement, and gross strength to gauge general muscle power. It also looks at bone density for bone health, height as a basic measure of stature, and body composition such as lean body mass and body fat, since these factors influence musculoskeletal function and risk for injury. Taken together, these elements provide a snapshot of how well the skeleton and muscles support movement and posture. Cardiac output and pulmonary function belong to the heart and lungs, sensation testing targets the nervous system, and language abilities and learning style relate to cognitive and communication function, not the musculoskeletal system.